tinhthanhnguyen.111990 9/23/2025 11:10:05 PM

Climate change is a global problem, but its effects are not equal across all countries. Some nations suffer more than others, despite contributing less to the problem. This uneven impact creates what experts call a "climate divide" between rich and poor countries. The rising temperatures, changing rainfall patterns, and extreme weather events affect communities differently based on their location and resources.

Wealthy nations like the United States and many European countries have historically released the most greenhouse gases. These countries have strong economies and better infrastructure to handle climate disasters. When floods or storms happen, they can quickly rebuild damaged areas. They also have the money to develop new technologies to reduce their emissions. However, many of these nations are still reluctant to make significant changes to their industries and lifestyles.

In contrast, developing countries like Bangladesh, many African nations, and small island states have contributed very little to global emissions. Yet these nations often experience the worst climate impacts. Rising sea levels threaten coastal communities, while droughts damage crops in agricultural regions. These nations lack the resources to build protective infrastructure or recover quickly from disasters. This situation is particularly unfair because these vulnerable communities have done the least to cause the problem.

The climate divide shows why international cooperation is essential. Wealthy nations must take responsibility for their historical emissions by reducing pollution and helping poorer countries adapt. Many experts believe that financial support from rich to poor nations is not charity but a matter of climate justice. Without global action that recognizes this divide, the world cannot effectively address climate change. Both types of nations must work together for a sustainable future.

Question 23: Which of the following is NOT MENTIONED as a climate change impact in the passage?

  1. Rising temperatures
  2. Melting glaciers
  3. Extreme weather events
  4. Changing rainfall patterns

Question 24: The word “uneven” in paragraph 1 is OPPOSITE in meaning to _________.

  1. irregular                        B. variable                        C. disproportionate                D. equal

Question 25: The word “their” in paragraph 2 refers to _________.

  1. poor countries                
  2. communities                
  3. wealthy nations                

D. new technologies

Question 26: The word “threaten” in paragraph 3 could be best replaced by _________.

  1. endanger                        B. worry                        C. approach                        D. surround

Question 27: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

  1. Rich countries should acknowledge past mistakes and provide technical assistance to developing nations facing climate challenges.
  2. Developed nations need to be accountable for past emissions through pollution reduction and supporting adaptation in vulnerable countries.
  3. Affluent states must compensate for environmental damage by transferring green technology to less fortunate nations globally.
  4. Industrialized regions should address climate issues by creating economic opportunities for impoverished countries worldwide.

Question 28: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

  1. Developing nations have contributed equally to climate change but suffer disproportionate consequences due to geographical factors.
  2. Most wealthy countries have already implemented significant industrial changes to address their historical emissions responsibility.
  3. Climate experts believe financial aid to vulnerable nations should be viewed primarily as charitable humanitarian assistance.
  4. Small island states and many African nations experience severe climate impacts despite having minimal contribution to global emissions.

Question 29: In which paragraph does the writer discuss how some countries have contributed less to climate change but suffer more from its effects?

  1. Paragraph 1                B. Paragraph 2                        C. Paragraph 3                D. Paragraph 4

Question 30: In which paragraph does the writer mention that financial support should be provided to poorer nations?

  1. Paragraph 4                B. Paragraph 3                        C. Paragraph 2                D. Paragraph 1

    TEST 2 - UNIT 4