1. The Arctic is warming at an alarming rate, causing significant changes to its fragile ecosystem. This phenomenon, known as Arctic amplification, is occurring because of the loss of reflective ice, which usually bounces sunlight back into space. As sea ice melts, it exposes the darker ocean water which absorbs more heat, creating a positive feedback loop that exacerbates warming and results in environmental changes globally.
2. This Arctic warming has numerous consequences, particularly for wildlife dependent on ice habitats. Polar bears, for example, rely on sea ice to hunt for seals; when the ice diminishes, they struggle to find food, resulting in population decline and changes in migration habits. Additionally, smaller animals, including plankton and fish, are disrupted as they respond to rising ocean temperatures and changes in food chain structures.
3. Furthermore, the melting of permafrost – permanently frozen ground – releases stored carbon dioxide and methane, powerful greenhouse gases. This adds to the acceleration of climate change and has impacts on global sea levels. Coastal communities are also being impacted by the erosion of coastlines as the ground under them is melting.
4. The consequences of Arctic warming extend far beyond the Arctic region. Changing atmospheric conditions are impacting weather patterns around the globe, leading to more frequent extreme weather events such as hurricanes, droughts, and floods. These drastic shifts have impacts on economies, human health, and resources globally.
5. Understanding the interconnectedness of the Arctic region with the rest of the world is critical in responding to this crisis. Global collaboration and ambitious reductions in greenhouse gas emissions are needed urgently to slow the pace of climate change in order to safeguard the Arctic’s future.
Câu 53:
What is the main idea of this passage?
A. The lives of animals in the Arctic.
B. Climate change's effects on human health.
C. The connection of the Arctic with the world’s climate.
D. The speed of global warming around the world.
Câu 54:
The phrase “positive feedback loop” in paragraph 1 refers to
A. A cycle that creates cooling
B. A mechanism that causes warming
C. The way animals adjust to heat.
D. A way the weather is becoming more positive.
Câu 55:
What is NOT a direct consequence of Arctic warming?
A. Changes in migratory paths for seals.
B. Increase of food sources for polar bears.
C. Erosion of coastlines.
D. Increase in greenhouse gasses.
Câu 56:
What is meant by “permafrost” in paragraph 3?
A. Sea ice that melts annually. B. Frozen ground that never thaws.
C. The top layer of the atmosphere. D. A cycle of warming and cooling.
Câu 57:
According to the passage, what type of disaster can be caused by changes in the Arctic?
A. Drought B. Earthquakes C. Volcanic eruptions D. Tsunami
Câu 58:
In paragraph 3, what does “Furthermore” express about the relation with previous sentences?
A. Gives an opinion on previous information.
B. Adds more information on a related topic.
C. Expresses a counterargument on previous information.
D. Offers a way to solve previous mentioned problems.
Câu 59:
According to the text, why should people be concerned about climate change?
A. Because weather patterns are difficult to predict.
B. Because the Earth’s natural resources are being depleted.
C. Because it affects human societies around the world.
D. Because human have become more exposed to the Earth’s surface.
Câu 60:
Based on the whole passage, what needs to be done to slow down climate change?
A. We must understand the ecosystems in the Arctic.
B. People around the world need to act independently from others.
C. Countries need to use renewable energy.
D. Greenhouse gasses must be cut down quickly.
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