A food chain shows how living things get energy. Every living thing needs food to survive. Some animals eat plants, while others eat other animals. A food chain has three main parts. Producers, which are plants, make their own food using sunlight. Consumers are animals that eat plants or other animals. There are herbivores, carnivores, and omnivores. Decomposers, such as bacteria and fungi, break down dead plants and animals, returning nutrients to the soil.
In the ocean, tiny plankton are eaten by small fish, which are then eaten by bigger fish, and finally by sharks. On land, grass is eaten by rabbits, which are eaten by foxes. The food chain keeps nature balanced. If one part of the food chain disappears, it affects the whole ecosystem. For example, if too many fish are caught, sharks will have less food to eat.
However, pollution and climate change harm the food chain. Some animals, which depend on certain plants or prey, may struggle to find food. If one species disappears, it can cause problems for many others. We can help by protecting animals, reducing pollution, and keeping nature clean. Every part of the food chain is important for a healthy planet.
Question 1: What is the main idea of the passage?
A. The effects of pollution on food chains.
B. The importance of decomposers in the ecosystem.
C. How food chains work and why they matter.
D. The differences between land and ocean food chains.
Question 2: The word "struggle" in the passage is closest in meaning to _____.
A. face difficulty B. win easily C. stay strong D. find solution
Question 3: What will happen if too many fish are caught?
A. The number of sharks may decrease
B. The ocean will become cleaner due to fewer fish.
C. Plankton will disappear because fish eat them.
D. Foxes on land will have more food to eat.
Question 4: The word "which" in the passage refers to _____.
A. rabbits B. grass C. land D. fish
Question 5: Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?
A. Some animals depend on specific plants or prey to survive.
B. Decomposers do not play a role in nutrient cycles.
C. Pollution and climate change can disrupt the food chain.
D. The disappearance of one species can affect the entire ecosystem.
