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        [I] In today’s interconnected world, multiculturalism has become increasingly prevalent as people from diverse cultural backgrounds live and work together in the same communities. [II] Multiculturalism fosters cultural diversity, promoting understanding and tolerance among individuals with different perspectives and traditions (Banks, 2015). [III] However, while multiculturalism brings many benefits, it also poses certain challenges that need to be addressed to achieve a harmonious society (Parekh, 2000). [IV]

        One of the key benefits of multiculturalism is the enrichment of society through diverse perspectives. Different cultural backgrounds contribute unique ideas, art forms, and traditions, which can lead to a more vibrant and innovative community. For instance, diverse viewpoints in the workplace often drive creativity and lead to better problem-solving solutions. Additionally, exposure to various cultures can increase people's awareness and acceptance of others, thus reducing discrimination and promoting social cohesion.

        However, a multicultural society is not without its challenges. Language barriers, for example, can hinder communication and understanding among individuals. Miscommunication due to language differences can lead to misunderstandings or even conflicts. Furthermore, people may feel divided by their cultural identities, which can create a sense of "us versus them." Some argue that without efforts to bridge cultural differences, multiculturalism might unintentionally lead to social fragmentation (Modood, 2007).

        To foster a successful multicultural society, it is essential to promote inclusive policies and encourage intercultural dialogue. Schools and workplaces can play a significant role by celebrating diversity and teaching cultural understanding. When people actively engage with different cultures, they are more likely to find common ground and develop mutual respect, which helps create a stronger, more unified community (Berry, 2011).

                                    (Adapted from Multiculturalism in Society by Banks, Parekh, and others)

Question 31. Where in paragraph I does the following sentence best fit?

People today can access a wider range of cultural experiences than ever before.

        A. [I]        B. [II]        C. [III]        D. [IV]

Question 32. The phrase "social cohesion" in paragraph 2 could be best replaced by ____.

        A. social conflict        B. social unity        C. cultural diversity        D. cultural competition

Question 33. The word "they" in paragraph 4 refers to ____.

        A. schools        B. workplaces        C. people        D. policies

Question 34. According to paragraph 2, which of the following is NOT an advantage of multiculturalism?

        A. Enhanced creativity                B. Increased awareness of other cultures
C. Encouragement of discrimination        D. Better problem-solving skills

Question 35. Which of the following best summarizes paragraph 3?

A. Multiculturalism strengthens communication and understanding without any challenges.
B. Multiculturalism creates a divide in society, making communication difficult.
C. Multiculturalism faces language and identity barriers that may lead to social fragmentation.
D. Multiculturalism allows seamless interaction across cultural and language differences.

Question 36. The word "fragmentation" in paragraph 3 is CLOSEST in meaning to ____.

        A. unity        B. division        C. cooperation        D. similarity

Question 37. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. A multicultural society guarantees equal understanding among all cultural groups.
B. Language differences in multicultural societies can sometimes cause misunderstandings.
C. Schools should avoid addressing cultural differences to maintain harmony.
D. Multiculturalism leads to isolation rather than promoting social connections.

Question 38. Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

A. People engaging with different cultures can lessen cultural respect.
B. Schools and workplaces should limit exposure to diverse cultures.
C. Experiencing various cultures increases understanding and strengthens communities.
D. Multicultural societies struggle with finding mutual understanding among people.

Question 39. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

A. Multiculturalism eliminates all societal conflicts by promoting tolerance.
B. Without inclusive efforts, multicultural societies may experience social divides.
C. Multicultural societies lack creativity and diversity in problem-solving.
D. Multiculturalism hinders personal identity formation in most communities.

Question 40. Which of the following best summarizes the passage?

A. Multiculturalism enhances society by bringing diversity and creativity, though it requires proactive measures to address language and identity challenges.
B. Multiculturalism complicates communication and brings little benefit to modern society.
C. Multiculturalism limits individuals' understanding of other cultures and increases social tension.
D. A multicultural society promotes complete unity and eliminates social barriers.

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