In recent years, the rise of multinational media companies has had a significant impact on global communication. [I] With advances in technology and the growth of the internet, media organizations have expanded beyond national borders, reaching audiences worldwide. [II] By 2050, experts predict that a majority of media content will be produced by a few large global corporations, allowing them to shape cultural trends, public opinion, and political discourse. [III] There are several factors that have contributed to the rise of multinational media corporations, which also pose various challenges. [IV]

The main push factors behind the growth of multinational media include the increasing demand for diverse content, the growth of international markets, and advancements in technology. As populations become more interconnected, people demand media that reflects their varied cultures and interests, which can be met by global media companies. Moreover, these corporations can tap into emerging markets in developing countries, creating new revenue streams. The internet and digital platforms have further facilitated the expansion of multinational media by breaking down geographical barriers and allowing content to reach a global audience instantly.

However, this globalisation of media comes with both positive and negative consequences. On the one hand, multinational media companies provide access to information and entertainment from around the world, helping to promote cultural exchange. On the other hand, the concentration of media ownership raises concerns about media diversity and the potential for these companies to dominate public discourse. Additionally, the expansion of multinational media often leads to the overshadowing of local media outlets, which may struggle to compete with the financial resources and global reach of their multinational counterparts.

To ensure that multinational media development is beneficial, it is essential to carefully regulate the industry and promote a balanced flow of information that respects both global and local interests.

Câu 31: Where in paragraph I does the following sentence best fit?

The rise of multinational media has expanded communication on a global scale.

A. [I]                                B. [II]                                C. [III]                                D. [IV]

Câu 32: The phrase "poses various challenges" in paragraph 1 could be best replaced by ____.

A. brings about benefits                                        B. creates difficulties

C. stimulates growth                                                D. fosters competition

Câu 33: The word "which" in paragraph 2 refers to ____

A. education                        B. entertainment                C. radio                D. media

Câu 34: According to paragraph 3, which of the following is NOT a negative consequence of multinational media?

A. domination of public discourse                                B. overshadowing local media outlets

C. cultural exchange                                                D. concentration of media ownership

Câu 35: Which of the following best summarises paragraph 3?

A. Multinational media has positive effects on global communication but raises concerns about media diversity.

B. The expansion of multinational media companies promotes cultural exchange but reduces local media coverage.

C. While multinational media provides information, it also leads to greater competition and regulation.

D. Multinational media has financial resources that help it dominate the global market.

Câu 36: The word "overshadowing" in paragraph 3 is OPPOSITE in meaning to

A. dominating                        B. diminishing                        C. highlighting                D. supporting

Câu 37: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Multinational media companies are increasing access to global information.

B. All countries have benefited equally from the growth of multinational media.

C. The growth of multinational media has led to a decrease in global communication.

D. Local media outlets have successfully competed with multinational companies.

Câu 38: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence: “To ensure that multinational media development is beneficial, it is essential to carefully regulate the industry” in paragraph 4?

A. Regulating the multinational media industry will ensure that its development is harmful.

B. Multinational media should be left unregulated to allow for its natural development.

C. Carefully regulating multinational media is necessary for positive development.

D. It is unnecessary to regulate the multinational media industry as it will develop naturally.

Câu 39: Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

A. The dominance of multinational media companies benefits developing countries the most.

B. Local media outlets are often unable to compete with the global reach of multinational corporations.

C. Technology advancements have led to a decline in the need for global media companies.

D. Multinational media companies struggle to enter emerging markets.

Câu 40: Which of the following best summarises the passage?

A. The rise of multinational media is reshaping global communication but requires careful regulation to avoid negative impacts on local media and diversity.

B. Multinational media has transformed global communication, making it easier to access diverse content while reducing local competition.

C. As multinational media companies grow, they create cultural exchange and new markets, though they also raise concerns about media concentration.

D. The rise of multinational media is beneficial for developing countries, but it comes at the cost of local media outlets.

Second Semester Midterm Exam GRADE 12 Test 13