fairytailfan2001 3/3/2025 12:30:33 PM

Pollution and Its Global Impact

[I] Pollution is one of the most pressing issues in the modern world, affecting not only the environment but also public health and global economies. [II] While urbanization and industrialization have brought significant progress, they have also introduced severe environmental challenges. [III] Reducing pollution requires a comprehensive approach that includes public awareness, technological innovation, and stricter environmental policies. [IV]

Air pollution is among the most widespread forms of environmental degradation. It stems from emissions by vehicles, factories, and deforestation, leading to harmful effects on both human health and the climate. According to the United Nations, fine particulate matter (PM2.5) causes millions of premature deaths annually. Water pollution, caused by untreated waste, agricultural runoff, and oil spills, destroys marine ecosystems and threatens human water supplies. Similarly, soil pollution—often overlooked—results from pesticides, heavy metals, and industrial waste, severely impacting agriculture and biodiversity.

While governments worldwide have implemented measures to combat pollution, individual action is equally essential. Reducing plastic consumption, opting for sustainable transportation, and recycling waste can significantly lessen environmental harm. Moreover, industries must adopt cleaner production methods, such as renewable energy and green technology. However, these solutions are effective only when paired with robust educational campaigns that encourage people to understand and address pollution’s consequences.

Despite these efforts, the problem persists, especially in developing nations, where economic constraints hinder environmental policies and waste management systems. At the same time, wealthier countries often export waste to poorer regions, exacerbating the issue. Experts stress that international cooperation is essential to tackle pollution on a global scale. Unless all nations contribute, the planet’s resources and ecosystems may face irreversible damage.

Question 31: Where in the passage does the following sentence best fit?
"Pollution significantly threatens global biodiversity and ecosystems, pushing many species toward extinction."
A
. [I]                        B. [II]                                C. [III]                                        D. [IV]

Question 32: The word constraints in the final paragraph most likely means:
A. pressures                B. freedoms                        C. solutions                                D. priorities

Question 33: Which of the following statements is NOT true about pollution?
A. Air pollution affects both human health and the climate.
B. Soil pollution only impacts agricultural practices.
C. Developing nations face challenges in managing pollution effectively.
D. Plastic consumption reduction is a way to mitigate pollution.

Question 34: The word robust in paragraph three could best be replaced by:
A. strong                B. weak                C. flexible                        D. informal

Question 35: Which of the following best summarizes paragraph 3?
A. Governments are solely responsible for tackling pollution.
B. Individuals and industries must adopt sustainable practices and educate the public to combat pollution.
C. Recycling programs alone are enough to address pollution problems.
D. The use of green technology is the only solution to reduce pollution globally.

Question 36: The word persists in the last paragraph is OPPOSITE in meaning to:
A. ends                B. continues                C. increases                        D. rises

Question 37: According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A. Water pollution has no long-term effects on human populations.
B. Education plays an important role in reducing pollution.
C. Developing countries have solved their pollution issues effectively.
D. Pollution does not affect biodiversity.

Question 38: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in the first paragraph?
"Reducing pollution requires a comprehensive approach that includes public awareness, technological innovation, and stricter environmental policies."
A. Pollution reduction depends on combining various solutions and involving society.
B. The public alone is responsible for solving pollution problems.
C. Technology and stricter policies are enough to reduce pollution.
D. Addressing pollution requires governments to act alone.

Question 39: Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. Economic challenges make pollution management harder in some countries.
B. Wealthier nations generate less waste than poorer countries.
C. Global cooperation is unnecessary in solving pollution issues.
D. Recycling has little to no impact on pollution levels.

Question 40: Which of the following best summarizes the passage?
A. Pollution is a severe global issue that requires combined efforts from individuals, governments, and international cooperation to address its impacts.
B. Wealthier nations are entirely responsible for pollution due to their industrial practices.
C. Pollution’s effects are limited to developing countries lacking proper management systems.
D. Recycling programs and renewable energy have solved most pollution problems globally.

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