phi28032001 3/1/2025 2:57:38 PM

Because the low latitudes of the Earth, the areas near the equator, receive more heat than the latitudes near the poles, and because the nature of heat is to expand and move, heat is transported from the tropics to the middle and high latitudes. Some of this heat is moved by winds and some by ocean currents, and some gets stored in the atmosphere in the form of latent heat.

(I)The term “latent heat” refers to the energy that has to be used to convert liquid water to water vapor. (II) We know that if we warm a pan of water on a stove, it will evaporate, or turn into vapor, faster than if it is allowed to sit at room temperature. (III) We also know that if we hang wet clothes outside in the summertime, they will dry faster than in winter, when the temperature is lower. The energy used in both cases to change liquid water to water vapor is supplied by heat - supplied by the stove in the first case and by the Sun in the latter case. This energy is not lost. (IV)  It is stored as vapor in the atmosphere as latent heat. Eventually, the water stored as vapor in the atmosphere will condense to liquid again, and the energy will be released to the atmosphere.

In the atmosphere, a large portion of the Sun’s incoming energy is used to evaporate water, primarily in the tropical oceans. Scientists have tried to pin down this proportion of the Sun’s energy. By analyzing temperature, water vapor, and wind data around the globe, they have estimated the quantity to be about 90 watts per square meter, or nearly 30 percent of the Sun’s energy. Once this latent heat is stored within the atmosphere, it can be transported, primarily to higher latitudes, by prevailing, large - scale winds. Or it can be transported vertically to higher levels in the atmosphere, where it forms clouds and subsequent storms, which then release the energy back to the atmosphere.

(Adapted from civilserviceguide.com > topics > reading-comprehension…)

Question 31: Where in paragraph 2 does the following sentence best fit?
“The process of converting liquid water into vapor requires significant amounts of energy.”

A. (I)                         B. (II)                        C. (III)                D. (IV)

Question 32: The phrase " pin down " in paragraph 2 could best be replaced by:

A. turn out                B. work out                C. put by                D. take in

Question 33: The word "it" in paragraph 2 refers to:

A. square meter                B. the Sun’s energy        C. latent heat                D. the atmosphere

Question 34: Which of the following is NOT a factor in the transportation of heat from the tropics?

A. large-scale winds                                        B. ocean currents        

C. latent heat stored in the atmosphere                D. strong oceanic tides

Question 35: Which of the following best summarizes paragraph 1?

A. Heat from the equator is transported by winds and ocean currents to higher latitudes, and some is stored as latent heat.
B. Latent heat is the only method of heat transfer from the equator to the poles.
C. The evaporation of water only happens in summer and this help to transport heat to the equator.
D. Heat storage in the atmosphere can be transported vertically to higher levels in the atmosphere, where it forms clouds and subsequent storms, which then release the energy back to the atmosphere.

Question 36: The word "evaporate" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to:

A. solidify                B. liquefy                C. condense                D. vaporize

Question 37: According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. Latent heat only occurs in tropical regions.
B. 30 percent of the Sun’s incoming energy is stored as latent heat.
C. Heat cannot be stored in the atmosphere.
D. Winds and ocean currents do not affect heat transportation.

Question 38: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence? 

A. The energy is consumed during the process of evaporation.
B. The energy used to convert water to vapor disappears from the system.
C. Heat from the equator moves toward the middle and high latitudes due to its tendency to expand and flow.
D. Evaporation uses energy that is lost once water turns into vapor.

Question 39: Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

A. Latent heat plays a key role in the Earth's climate system.
B. Water evaporation happens at the same rate, regardless of the season.
C. Heat transportation primarily occurs at lower latitudes.
D. Scientists have found no way to measure heat energy in the atmosphere.

Question 40: Which of the following best summarizes the main point of the passage?

A. Heat from the tropics is transported to higher latitudes by wind and ocean currents.
B. Heat from the tropics moves in only one direction, from the equator to the poles.
C. Water vapor plays a minor role in heat transportation within the atmosphere.
D. Latent heat and winds are the main mechanisms for transporting energy across the globe.

Đề thi thử TN THPT 2025 - Cấu trúc mới - Môn TIiếng Anh - Đề 18 - File word có lời giải

 

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