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[I] The rise of remote work has transformed the modern workplace, offering flexibility and a better work-life balance for employees around the world (Bloom et al., 2015). [II] This trend, accelerated by technological advancements and the COVID-19 pandemic, allows employees to work from home or any location with internet access (Gajendran & Harrison, 2007). [III] While remote work provides numerous benefits, it also presents challenges that organizations and employees must address to remain productive and engaged. [IV]

One of the main benefits of remote work is increased flexibility. Employees can manage their time more effectively, which often leads to higher job satisfaction and reduced stress. Furthermore, remote work eliminates the need for daily commutes, saving time and reducing transportation expenses. Many employees report feeling more empowered to control their schedules, allowing them to better balance personal and professional responsibilities.

However, remote work also comes with significant challenges. Isolation is a common issue, as employees miss out on face-to-face interactions and team bonding, which are important for mental well-being and collaboration. Studies have shown that prolonged isolation can lead to feelings of loneliness, reducing job satisfaction and affecting mental health (Ozcelik & Barsade, 2018). Additionally, remote workers may struggle to maintain boundaries between work and personal life, leading to overwork and burnout.

To make remote work successful, companies need to implement strategies that support employee well-being and productivity. Providing tools for virtual collaboration, setting clear work-life boundaries, and encouraging regular team check-ins can help mitigate the challenges of remote work. By balancing flexibility with structured support, organizations can create a sustainable remote work environment that benefits both employers and employees (Larson & DeChurch, 2020).

                (Adapted from Remote Work and Employee Well-being by Bloom, Ozcelik, and others)

Question 31. Where in paragraph I does the following sentence best fit?

Remote work has become more popular due to advancements in digital communication tools.

A. [I]                        B. [II]                        C. [III]                D. [IV]

Question 32. The phrase "work-life balance" in paragraph 1 could be best replaced by ____.

A. career advancement                                B. professional success
C. equilibrium between work and personal life        D. job security

Question 33. The word "their" in paragraph 2 refers to ____.

A. employees                B. responsibilities        C. schedules                D. expenses

Question 34. According to paragraph 2, which of the following is NOT a benefit of remote work?

A. Increased flexibility                                B. Higher transportation costs
C. Improved work-life balance                        D. Reduced stress

Question 35. Which of the following best summarizes paragraph 3?

A. Remote work challenges employees with isolation and blurred boundaries, leading to potential overwork and mental health concerns.
B. The advantages of remote work significantly outweigh any challenges employees might face and this is the fact in every interprise nowadays.
C. Isolation is easily managed by virtual collaboration tools in a remote work setting on account of the attempt of both employees and their bosses.
D. Remote work eliminates work-related stress and improves collaboration, which resulted in highly-stimulated workers and employers.

Question 36. The word "mitigate" in paragraph 4 is CLOSEST in meaning to ____.

A. worsen                B. intensify                C. reduce                D. acknowledge

Question 37. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Remote work reduces social interactions, which can lead to feelings of loneliness.
B. Daily commuting is essential for remote workers to maintain productivity and enthusiasm in their work.
C. Companies are not responsible for supporting remote employees' well-being.
D. Remote work always leads to overwork and burnout.

Question 38. Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

A. Companies must avoid setting boundaries for employees' work-life balance in order to foster not only their ability but also their productivity.
B. Employers should support remote work by providing resources and encouraging a structured environment.
C. Employees need minimal guidance from companies to manage remote work challenges regardless of their employers’ behaviors.
D. Employers should prevent remote employees from accessing collaboration tools so that they have no choice but work for them.

Question 39. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

A. Remote work completely eliminates the need for personal life boundaries.
B. The lack of face-to-face interaction is a minor issue in remote work.
C. Effective remote work requires a combination of flexibility and organizational support.
D. Remote work only benefits employees, not organizations.

Question 40. Which of the following best summarizes the passage?

A. Remote work offers flexibility and convenience but can cause isolation and work-life imbalance, which companies must address to ensure employee well-being.
B. Remote work requires employees to spend more time commuting to improve productivity, which leads to widespread worker resignations across most private enterprises.
C. Companies benefit from remote work as employees are more isolated and less engaged and they have no need for a raise despite working extremely hard.
D. Remote work allows complete freedom for employees without any challenges, which strengthens the relationship between business owners and their employees, at work as well as in everyday life.

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