nguyenngan182106 3/1/2025 2:40:23 PM

            [I] Water is one of the most essential resources on our planet, vital for all forms of life. However, increasing demand and pollution are putting immense pressure on our freshwater supplies. [II] According to recent studies, nearly 2 billion people worldwide live in countries experiencing high water stress, leading to a decline in the availability of this precious resource. This situation not only affects drinking water but also agriculture, sanitation, and energy production.

            The primary causes of water scarcity include population growth, urbanization, and climate change. As cities expand, the demand for water increases significantly. Moreover, agricultural practices that rely heavily on water are becoming unsustainable in many regions. Climate change further exacerbates these issues, causing unpredictable weather patterns and extreme droughts, which reduce water availability.

           [III] In response to this growing crisis, everyone must prioritize water conservation. Simple actions, such as fixing leaks, using water-efficient appliances, and practicing mindful consumption, can make a significant difference. Additionally, implementing policies that promote sustainable water management and investing in technologies for water recycling can help mitigate the impacts of water scarcity. [IV]

            Despite these efforts, the challenges remain substantial. It is crucial that we recognize the importance of conserving water and take immediate steps to protect this vital resource for future generations.

Question 31: Where in this passage does the following sentence best fit?

" These strategies can significantly improve water availability in stressed regions."

A. [I]                 B. [II]         C. [III]         D. [IV]

Question 32: The word “vital” in paragraph 1 could be best replaced by:

A. unimportant         B. crucial         C. optional         D. harmful

Question 33: The phrase "high water stress" in paragraph 2 refers to:

A. excessive rainfall                         B. significant water shortage

C. improved water quality                         D. reduced water demand

Question 34: The phrase “exacerbates” in paragraph 3 is OPPOSITE in meaning to:

A. worsens                 B. alleviates         C. maintains         D. complicates

Question 35: According to paragraph 2, which of the following is NOT a contributing factor to water scarcity?

A. Urbanization                 B. Population growth        C. Extreme droughts        D. City expansion

Question 36: Which of the following best summarises paragraph 3?

A. Governments should focus solely on technology to solve water issues.

B. Both the government and each individual have a role to play in protecting water resources.

C. Water conservation is primarily a government responsibility, not individual.

D. The role of each individual in protecting water resources is very important.

Question 37: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Water scarcity affects only drinking water supplies.

B. Urbanization decreases the demand for water.

C. Climate change negatively impacts water availability.

D. Sustainable practices are unnecessary for water management.

Question 38: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined part in paragraph 3?

A. Individuals should consider water conservation a secondary concern when addressing this problem.

B. Society needs to focus on water conservation to effectively address the growing water shortage problem.

C. Water conservation is not an urgent issue for people facing this crisis.

D. People can manage the crisis without prioritizing water conservation.

Question 39: Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

A. Applying technology can solve all problems of water shortage.

B. Water conservation measures need to be widely applied to create an impact.

C. Climate change is an important factor that affects water resources globally.

D. Governments play an important role in protecting polluted water sources.

Question 40: Which of the following best summarises the passage?

A. Water shortage is a major problem that requires immediate government action.

B. The importance of water conservation to combat the growing water shortage caused by increased demand and climate change.

C. The impact of water shortage due to climate change on human life and agricultural development.

D. Immediate action is needed to address the growing water shortage crisis.

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