ltylinh1892 3/2/2025 9:37:38 PM

Smart Growth

           Recently, experts have tried to curb the spread of suburban sprawl, or at least create urban areas that are developed more purposefully. This is known as "smart growth." City planners create communities that are designed for more walking and less dependency on cars. Some developers recover old communities in downtown urban areas, rather than develop the next piece of farmland or wilderness.

           U.S. states such as Oregon are passing laws to prevent unplanned urban sprawl. They have created boundaries around cities that limit the growth of development. Officials have created laws stating that the minimum size of a plot of land is 32 hectares (80 acres). This is to prevent developers from creating suburban communities. An 80-acre plot of land is financially impractical for a single-family home!

           Other smart-growth communities are creating new types of development. Some have large amounts of undeveloped "green space," organic farms, and lakes. Urban areas typically drain the water from rain and snow, which cannot collect in the paved-over grounD. Rather than use drainage pipes and ditches, smart-growth communities create wetlands designed to filter storm runoff.

           More city planners are developing urban areas by considering their geography. Engineers construct buildings that integrate seamlessly with the surrounding environment, drawing upon natural resources. White roofs, for example, reflect the sun's rays and lower the cost of air conditioning. Homebuilders in urban areas as diverse as Los Angeles, California, U.S., and the island communities of Greece create homes and businesses with white plaster or tile roofs for this reason.

           There is also a move toward preserving and maintaining more green areas and planting more trees in urban areas. Landscape designers often consult with city planners to incorporate parks with development.

[Adapted from National Geographic]

Question 23: Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a feature of smart growth?

A. Promoting walking instead of driving        B. Revitalizing old neighborhoods

C. Increasing housing prices                D. Preserving green spaces

Question 24: The word “curb” in paragraph 1 is OPPOSITE in meaning to __________.

A. control                B. encourage        C. limit        D. restrict

Question 25: The phrase "financially impractical" in paragraph 2 could be best replaced by __________.

A. too suitable                B. too costly        C. easily affordable        D. very reasonable

Question 26: The word “they” in paragraph 2 refers to ___________.

A. planners                B. officials        C. U.S. states         D. urban areas

Question 27: Which of the following is NOT TRUE, according to paragraphs 2 and 3?

A. The government restricts development in suburban areas by increasing the requirements for building houses.

B. The government wants people to build houses of at least 80 acres to reduce the cost burden and limit land use.

C. The states encourage residents to develop housing in already developed areas.

D. They have created new technologies to address the issue of rainwater accumulation on paved surfaces.

Question 28: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

A. The rapid growth gradually leads people toward using natural energy sources and sustainable structures instead of artificial constructions

B. Over time, people have consistently built structures that integrate with the natural environment and efficiently make use of natural energy sources.

C. Structures are optimally designed to blend with the natural environment while effectively utilizing available natural resources

D. Engineers have created impressive structures that integrate with nature, efficiently using available resources alongside advanced human technology.

Question 29: In which paragraph does the writer mention the laws created to prevent urban sprawl?

A. Paragraph 1        B. Paragraph 2        C. Paragraph 3        D. Paragraph 4

Question 30: In which paragraph does the writer explain how smart growth communities manage stormwater?

A. Paragraph 1        B. Paragraph 2        C. Paragraph 3        D. Paragraph 4

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