UNIT 2. THE GENERATION GAP
I. VOCABULARY
|
No. |
Word |
Part of speech |
Pronunciation |
Meaning |
|
accept |
(v) |
/əkˈsɛpt/ |
chấp nhận |
|
|
achieve |
(v) |
/əˈʧiːv/ |
đạt được |
|
|
adapt |
(v) |
/əˈdæpt/ |
thích nghi, thay đổi cho phù hợp |
|
|
allow |
(v) |
/əˈlaʊ/ |
cho phép |
|
|
control |
(v) |
/kənˈtrəʊl/ |
kiểm soát |
|
|
experience |
(n/v) |
/ɪksˈpɪərɪəns/ |
trải nghiệm |
|
|
experiment |
(v) |
/ɪksˈpɛrɪmɛnt/ |
thí nghiệm, thử nghiệm |
|
|
force |
(v) |
/fɔːs/ |
ép buộc |
|
|
hire |
(v) |
/ˈhaɪə/ |
thuê người làm |
|
|
influence |
(v) |
/ˈɪnflʊəns/ |
gây ảnh hưởng |
|
|
limit |
(v) |
/ˈlɪmɪt/ |
hạn chế |
|
|
respect |
(v/n) |
/rɪsˈpɛkt/ |
tôn trọng/ sự tôn trọng |
|
|
upset |
(v) |
/ʌpˈsɛt/ |
làm khó chịu |
|
|
argument |
(n) |
/ˈɑːɡjuːmənt/ |
sự tranh luận, lý lẽ |
|
|
belief |
(n) |
/bɪˈliːf/ |
niềm tin |
|
|
career |
(n) |
/kəˈrɪə/ |
sự nghiệp |
|
|
characteristics |
(n) |
/ˌkærəktəˈrɪstɪks/ |
đặc điểm, đặc tính |
|
|
competition |
(n) |
/ˌkɒmpɪˈtɪʃᵊn/ |
cuộc thi |
|
|
conflict |
(n) |
/ˈkɒnflɪkt/ |
sự xung đột |
|
|
curious |
(adj) |
/ˈkjʊərɪəs/ |
tò mò |
|
|
difference |
(n) |
/ˈdɪfrəns/ |
sự khác biệt |
|
|
disagreement |
(n) |
/ˌdɪsəˈɡriːmənt/ |
sự không đồng tình |
|
|
educational |
(adj) |
/ˌɛʤʊˈkeɪʃᵊnᵊl/ |
(thuộc) giáo dục |
|
|
freedom |
(n) |
/ˈfriːdəm/ |
sự tự do |
|
|
generation |
(n) |
/ˌʤɛnəˈreɪʃᵊn/ |
thế hệ |
|
|
honesty |
(n) |
/ˈɒnɪsti/ |
tính trung thực |
|
|
immigrant |
(n) |
/ˈɪmɪɡrənt/ |
người nhập cư |
|
|
individualism |
(n) |
/ˌɪndɪˈvɪʤuəlɪzᵊm/ |
chủ nghĩa cá nhân |
|
|
Millennial |
(n) |
/mɪˈlɛnjəl/ |
thế hệ Y (những người sinh từ đầu những năm 1980 đến giữa những năm 1990) |
|
|
permission |
(n) |
/pəˈmɪʃᵊn/ |
sự cho phép |
|
|
platform |
(n) |
/ˈplætfɔːm/ |
nền tảng |
|
|
technological |
(adj) |
/ˌtɛknəˈlɒʤɪkᵊl/ |
(thuộc) công nghệ |
|
|
valuable |
(adj) |
/ˈvæljəbᵊl/ |
quý giá |
2. COLLOCATIONS/ PHRASES
|
No. |
Word |
Part of speech |
Pronunciation |
Meaning |
|
common characteristics |
(adj-n) |
/ˈkɒmən/ /ˌkærəktəˈrɪstɪks/ |
những đặc điểm chung |
|
|
critical thinker |
(np) |
/ˈkrɪtɪkəl/ /ˈθɪŋkə/ |
người có tư duy phê phán/ phản biện |
|
|
cultural values |
(adj-n) |
/ˈkʌlʧərəl/ /ˈvæljuːz/ |
những giá trị văn hoá |
|
|
digital native |
(np) |
/ˈdɪʤɪtl/ /ˈneɪtɪv/ |
người được sinh ra ở thời đại công nghệ và Internet |
|
|
electronic device |
(adj-n) |
/ɪlɛkˈtrɒnɪk/ /dɪˈvaɪs/ |
thiết bị điện tử |
|
|
extended family |
(adj-n) |
/ɪksˈtɛndɪd/ /ˈfæmɪli/ |
đại gia đình |
|
|
gender role |
(np) |
/ˈʤɛndə/ /rəʊl/ |
vai trò giới |
|
|
generation gap |
(np) |
/ˌʤɛnəˈreɪʃᵊn/ /ɡæp/ |
khoảng cách thế hệ |
|
|
generational conflict |
(adj-n) |
/ˌʤɛnəˈreɪʃᵊnᵊl/ /ˈkɒnflɪkt/ |
sự xung đột thế hệ |
|
|
male job |
(adj-n) |
/meɪl/ /ʤɒb/ |
công việc dành cho nam giới |
|
|
music taste |
(np) |
/ˈmjuːzɪk/ /teɪst/ |
gu âm nhạc |
|
|
nuclear family |
(adj-n) |
/ˈnjuːklɪə/ /ˈfæmɪli/ |
gia đình hạt nhân |
|
|
screen time |
(np) |
/skriːn/ /taɪm/ |
thời gian sử dụng thiết bị điện tử |
|
|
social media |
(np) |
/ˈsəʊʃəl/ /ˈmiːdiə/ |
phương tiện truyền thông mạng xã hội |
|
|
weight gain |
(np) |
/weɪt/ /ɡeɪn/ |
sự tăng cân |
|
|
adapt to |
(vp) |
/əˈdæpt/ /tuː/ |
thích nghi với |
|
|
argue over something |
(vp) |
/ˈɑːɡjuː/ /ˈəʊvə/ /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/ |
tranh luận về một cái gì đó |
|
|
colour the hair |
(v-n) |
/ˈkʌlə/ /ðə/ /heə/ |
nhuộm tóc |
|
|
damage eyesight |
(v-n) |
/ˈdæmɪʤ/ /ˈaɪsaɪt/ |
ảnh hưởng tới thị lực |
|
|
express opinions |
(v-n) |
/ɪksˈprɛs/ /əˈpɪnjənz/ |
thể hiện ý kiến |
|
|
follow in somebody’s footsteps |
(vp) |
/ˈfɒləʊ/ /ɪn/ /ˈsʌmbədiz/ /ˈfʊtstɛps/ |
theo chân ai đó/giống ai đó |
|
|
have fixed ideas |
(v-n) |
/hæv/ /fɪkst/ /aɪˈdɪəz/ |
có định kiến |
|
|
hold traditional view |
(v-n) |
/həʊld/ /trəˈdɪʃᵊnᵊl/ /vjuː/ |
giữ quan điểm truyền thống |
|
|
limit screen time |
(v-n) |
/ˈlɪmɪt/ /skriːn/ /taɪm/ |
giới hạn thời gian sử dụng thiết bị điện tử |
|
|
make decisions |
(v-n) |
/meɪk/ /dɪˈsɪʒənz/ |
đưa ra quyết định |
|
|
rely on |
(vp) |
/rɪˈlaɪ/ /ɒn/ |
dựa vào |
|
|
suit somebody’s need |
(vp) |
/sjuːt/ /ˈsʌmbədiz/ /niːd/ |
phù hợp với nhu cầu của ai đó |
|
|
take away |
(vp) |
/teɪk/ /əˈweɪ/ |
lấy đi |
|
|
try something out |
(vp) |
/traɪ/ /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/ /aʊt/ |
dùng thử/ kiểm tra |
3. WORD FORMATION
|
No. |
Word |
Part of speech |
Pronunciation |
Meaning |
|
culture |
(n) |
/ˈkʌlʧə/ |
văn hoá |
|
|
cultural |
(adj) |
/ˈkʌlʧərəl/ |
(thuộc về) văn hoá |
|
|
difference |
(n) |
/ˈdɪfrəns/ |
sự khác biệt |
|
|
different |
(adj) |
/ˈdɪfrənt/ |
khác biệt |
|
|
generation |
(n) |
/ˌʤɛnəˈreɪʃᵊn/ |
thế hệ |
|
|
generational |
(adj) |
/ˌʤɛnəˈreɪʃᵊnᵊl/ |
(thuộc) thế hệ |
|
|
tradition |
(n) |
/trəˈdɪʃᵊn/ |
truyền thống |
|
|
traditional |
(adj) |
/trəˈdɪʃᵊnᵊl/ |
(thuộc) truyền thống |
|
|
value |
(n/v) |
/ˈvæljuː/ |
giá trị/coi trọng |
|
|
valuable |
(adj) |
/ˈvæljəbᵊl/ |
quý giá |
II. GRAMMAR (TAG QUESTIONS)
|
Thì / Cấu trúc |
Ví dụ mệnh đề chính |
Tag Question |
|
Hiện tại đơn (khẳng định) |
You like coffee, |
don’t you? |
|
Hiện tại đơn (phủ định) |
She doesn’t eat meat, |
does she? |
|
Quá khứ đơn (khẳng định) |
He went to school, |
didn’t he? |
|
Quá khứ đơn (phủ định) |
They didn’t call you, |
did they? |
|
Hiện tại tiếp diễn |
She is studying now, |
isn’t she? |
|
Quá khứ tiếp diễn |
We were talking, |
weren’t we? |
|
Tương lai đơn (will) |
He will come soon, |
won’t he? |
|
Hiện tại hoàn thành |
They have finished, |
haven’t they? |
|
Quá khứ hoàn thành |
She had left, |
hadn’t she? |
|
Tương lai gần (be going to) |
You’re going to help, |
aren’t you? |
|
Động từ khuyết thiếu (can) |
She can drive, |
can’t she? |
|
Động từ khuyết thiếu (should) |
We should leave early, |
shouldn’t we? |
|
Câu có "must" |
He must study more, |
mustn’t he? |
|
Câu có "have to" |
They have to go now, |
don’t they? |
|
Câu với "used to" |
She used to sing, |
didn’t she? |
|
Mệnh lệnh khẳng định |
Close the door, |
will you? |
|
Mệnh lệnh phủ định |
Don’t be late, |
will you? |
|
Câu với "Let’s" |
Let’s go, |
shall we? |
|
Câu với "I am" |
I’m your friend, |
aren’t I? |
|
Câu với từ phủ định |
Nobody called, |
did they? |
III. PRACTICE EXERCISES
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following sentences.
- The school accepts late applications until Friday.
A. allows B. takes C. receives D. permits
- Many plants adapt to dry weather by storing water.
A. change B. adjust C. survive D. respond
- The traffic lights control cars at busy intersections.
A. direct B. guide C. manage D. regulate
- Scientists experiment with new medicines in the laboratory.
A. work B. test C. try D. study
- Three restaurants hire workers for summer jobs.
A. need B. employ C. want D. seek
- The library limits book loans to five per person.
A. sets B. keeps C. restricts D. controls
- The cancelled flight makes all passengers upset.
A. angry B. sad C. unhappy D. worried
- Her belief in honest work helps her succeed.
A. trust B. faith C. confidence D. hope
- The characteristics of different animals help them survive.
A. qualities B. features C. traits D. aspects
- The conflict between neighbors about noise lasted months.
A. argument B. fight C. disagreement D. problem
- The difference between twins shows in their voices.
A. contrast B. variation C. change D. distinction
- Many educational games teach children mathematics.
A. learning B. teaching C. instructional D. helpful
- Each generation uses different types of technology.
A. age group B. group C. people D. population
- The immigrant family learns local customs quickly.
A. foreign B. new C. migrant D. newcomer
- Millennials prefer online shopping to store visits.
A. Young adults B. Modern people C. Youth D. New generation
- This social media platform connects people worldwide.
A. system B. website C. network D. service
- Old family recipes are valuable treasures.
A. important B. precious C. special D. worthy
- Critical thinkers ask many questions before deciding.
A. Smart B. Careful C. Logical D. Analytical
- Digital natives learn technology use very naturally.
A. Modern B. Tech C. Computer D. Digital
- Modern gender roles allow more career choices.
A. social B. family C. gender D. society
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following sentences.
- Many students achieve excellent results in international competitions.
A. miss B. waste C. fail D. lose
- The museum allows visitors to take photos of ancient artifacts.
A. prevents B. restricts C. bans D. forbids
- Travelers experience different cultures through local festivals.
A. avoid B. ignore C. reject D. miss
- Strong winds force small boats to return to the harbor.
A. release B. free C. permit D. allow
- Social media influences shopping habits of young people.
A. ignores B. avoids C. rejects D. overlooks
- Students respect traditional customs during school ceremonies.
A. ignore B. mock C. disrespect D. reject
- Neighbors have an argument about parking spaces every morning.
A. peace B. harmony C. agreement D. understanding
- She changes her career from teaching to business management.
A. hobby B. pastime C. entertainment D. recreation
- Athletes from twenty countries join this swimming competition.
A. partnership B. cooperation C. teamwork D. alliance
- Scientists are curious about life on other planets.
A. indifferent B. uninterested C. bored D. apathetic
- The disagreement between team members affects project deadlines.
A. harmony B. agreement C. understanding D. acceptance
- Wild animals need freedom in their natural environment.
A. captivity B. restriction C. confinement D. limitation
- Honesty between business partners creates long-term success.
A. deception B. dishonesty C. cheating D. lying
- Individualism shapes modern workplace culture significantly.
A. conformity B. uniformity C. collectivism D. compliance
- International students need permission for part-time work.
A. restriction B. prohibition C. rejection D. prevention
- Technological advances change farming methods worldwide.
A. basic B. manual C. traditional D. primitive
- Constant computer use can damage eyesight permanently.
A. strengthen B. improve C. enhance D. protect
- Digital natives prefer online learning to traditional classes.
A. traditional B. conventional C. old-fashioned D. analog
- Ancient temples remain valuable historical treasures today.
A. worthless B. useless C. meaningless D. unimportant
- Modern parents encourage flexible gender roles at home.
A. rigid B. fixed C. strict D. traditional
IV: GRAMMAR PRACTICE EXERCISES
A
- The students completed their science project last week, _______?
A. don't they B. didn't they C. aren't they D. weren't they
- Your grandmother doesn't use smartphones, _______?
A. isn't she B. doesn't she C. does she D. did she
- The museum will be closed on Monday, _______?
A. is it B. isn't it C. won't it D. will it
- I'm supposed to give a presentation tomorrow, _______?
A. am I B. don't I C. aren't I D. do I
- Let's try that new restaurant downtown, _______?
A. will we B. don't we C. shall we D. can we
- Your brother could fix the computer problem, _______?
A. could he B. can't he C. can he D. couldn't he
- The neighbors haven't moved to their new house yet, _______?
A. did they B. didn't they C. haven't they D. have they
- The children were playing in the snow all afternoon, _______?
A. don't they B. aren't they C. didn't they D. weren't they
- Turn down the music, _______?