Bài tập bổ trợ Tiếng anh Lớp 10 GLOBAL SUCCESS - File word có đáp án

REVISION 1-HS

REVISION 2-HS

Unit 5 - (HS)

Unit 6 - (HS)

Unit 7 - (HS)

Unit 8 -(HS)

Unit 9 - (HS)

Unit 10 - (HS)

UNIT 9: PROTECTING THE ENVIRONMENT

( Bảo vệ môi trường)

A. VOCABULARY

New words	Meaning	Example
Aquatic / (adj)	Dưới nước, sống trong nước	The overuse of chemicals can kill aquatic animals. Việc sử dụng hóa chất quá mức có thể giết chết các động vật dưới biển.
Article /’a:tik/ (n)	Bài báo	It is very difficult to analyze this article. Rất khó để phân tích bài báo này.
Chemical /’kemik əl/ (n)	Hóa chất	Dangerous chemicals were released into the river. Những hóa chất nguy hiểm đã được thải ra sông.
Confuse /k’əfju:z/ (v)	Làm bối rối, nhầm lẫn	The information on the board confused people. Thông tin trên bảng làm mọi người bối rối.
Confusion /kən’fju:ʒən/ (n)	Sự bối rối, nhầm lẫn	There is a lot of confusion about this issue. Có nhiều sự bối rối về vấn đề này.
Consumption /k ən’s ʌmp ʃ ən/ (n)	Sự tiêu dùng, tiêu thụ	Oil consumption often increases in cold weather. Việc tiêu thụ dầu thường tăng lên vào thời tiết lạnh
Contaminate / k ən’t æmineit/ (v)	Làm bẩn, ô nhiễm	The drinking water is contaminated with lead. Nước uống bị nhiễm chì.
Damage /’dæmid ʒ/ (v)	Làm hỏng, thiệt hại	Many buildings were damaged in the storm. Nhiều tòa nhà bị hư hỏng trong cơ bão.
Deforestation /di:f ɒri’stei ʃ ən/ (n)	Sự phá rừng	Deforestation has a negative effect on the environment. Nạn phá rừng có ảnh hưởng tiêu cực đến môi trường.
Degraded /digreid/ (adj)	Giảm sút chất lượng	We have changed and degraded the natủal environment. Chúng ta đã làm thay đổi và làm hại đến môi trường tự nhiên.
Deplete /di’pli:t/ (v)	Cạn kiệt	Food supplies are severely depleted. Nguồn thức ăn bị cạn kiệt nghiêm trọng.
Depletion / di’pli: ʃən/ (n)	Sự cạn kiệt	Over - exploitation of oil will lead to the depletion of this natural resource. Việc khai thác quá mức sẽ dẫn đến sự cạn kiệt nguồn tài nguyên này.
Destruction /di’str ʌk ʃən/	Sự phá hủy, sự hủy diệt	We should be responsible for the destruction of the forest. Chúng ta nên chịu trách nhiệm cho việc phá hủy rừng.
Ecosystem /’i :kə ʊ,sistəm/ (n)	Hệ sinh thái	Tourism is damaging our ecosystem. Ngành du lịch đang gây hại đến hệ sinh thái của chúng ta.
Editor /’editər/ (n)	Biên tập viên	She is an editor Cô ấy là biên tập viên.
Fertilizer /’f ɜ:tilaizər/ (n)	Phân bón	The overuse of chemical fertilzen can lead to soil pollution. Việc sử dụng phân bón hóa học quá mức có thể dẫn đến ô nhiễm đất.
Fossil fuel /’f ɒsəl’fju:əl/ (n)	Nhiên liệu hóa thạch	Fossil fuels are non - renewable energy sources such as coal or oil formed from dead animals and flants underground. Nhiên liệu hóa thạch là các nguồn năng lượng không thể tái tạo như than đá, dầu mà được hình thành từ động thực vật chết dưới đất.
Global warming /gləʊbl w ɔ:miŋ/ (n)	Sự nóng lên toàn cầu	Global warming is one of the biggest problém that we are facing. Sự nóng lên toàn cầu là một trong những vấn đề lớn nhất mà chúng ta đang đối mặt.
Greenhouse effect /’gri:nhaʊs I’fekt/ (n)	Hiệu ứng nhà kính	Greenhouse effect is the gradual increase of temperature on the earth’s surface. Hiệu ứng nhà kính là sự tăng nhiệt độ từ từ lên bề mặt trái đất.
Inorganic /in ɔ:’gænik/ (adj)	Vô cơ	Dumping inorganic waste in the ground cause soil pollution. Đổ rác vô cơ vào đất gây ra sự ô nhiễm đất.
Long - term /lɒŋ’tɜ:m/ (adj)	Dài hạn	They should have a long-term investment in this project. Họ nên có sự đầu tư dài hạn vào dự án này.
Pesticide /’pestisaid/ (n)	Thuốc trừ sâu	Dumping pollutants such as pesticides and other chemicals in rivers maké water contaminated. Thải các chất ô nhiễm như thuốc trừ sâu và các hóa chất khác vào dòng sông làm cho nước bị ô nhiễm.
Pollutant /pə’lu:tənt/ (n)	Chất ô nhiễm	Factories should stop releasing pollutants. Các nhà máy nên ngừng việc thải các chất ô nhiễm.
Pollute /pə’lu:t/ (v)	Gây ô nhiễm	We need a fuel that won’t pollute the environment. Chúng ta cần một loại nhiên liệu mà không làm ô nhiễm môi trường.
Pollution /pə’lu: ʃən/ (n)	Sự ô nhiễm	Environmental pollution is becoming a serious problem. Ô nhiễm môi trường đang trở thành một vấn đề nghiêm trọng.
Preservation /’prezə’vei ʃən/ (n)	Sự bảo tồn, giữ gìn	I think the preservation of old buildings is very necessary. Tôi nghĩ rằng việc bảo tồn các tòa nhà cổ thì rất cần thiết.
Preserve /pri’zɜ:v/ (v)	Bảo tồn, giữ gìn, bảo vệ	The government should do more to preserve the enivironment. Chính phủ nên làm nhiều việc hơn nữa để bảo vệ môi trường.
Protection /pr ə’tek ʃən/ (n)	Sự bảo vệ	We need your protection. Chúng tôi cần sự bảo vệ của bạn.
Solution / sə’lu: ʃən/ (n)	Giải pháp	There is no solution to this problem. Không có giải pháp cho vấn đề này.
Vegetation /,ved ʒi’teiʃən/ (n)	Cây cỏ, thực vật.	Desert areas have little vegetation Những vùng sa mạc có rất ít thực vật.

B . GRAMMAR

*REPORTED SPEECH ( LỜI NÓI TƯỜNG THUẬT, GIÁN TIẾP)

1. Definition

Lời nói gián tiếp là lời nói thuật lại ý của người nói, thông tin đi từ người thứ nhất qua người thứ hai đến người thứ ba. Trong lời nói gián tiếp thì cấu trúc câu có sự biến đổi về mặt ngữ pháp.

E.g

Trực tiếp: He said,”I am a student.”

Gián tiếp: He said (that) he was a student.

2. Types of sentences in reported speech ( các loại câu trong lời nói gián tiếp)

a. Statements ( Câu kể/ Câu trần thuật)

Câu trần thuật là kiểu câu dùng để kể, xác nhận, miêu tả, thông báo, nhận định, trình bày về những hiện tượng, những hoạt động, trạng thái, tính chất trong thực tế.

E.g: “Mary said,” I am watching TV”

- Khi chuyển một câu trần thuật trực tiếp sang gián tiếp thì chúng ta phải thực hiện như sau:

+ Dùng động từ say hoặc tell:

S + say/ say to sb/ tell sb (that) + S + ……

Form:

+ Đổi các đại từ nhân xưng, tính từ sở hữu, …..sao cho tương ứng với mệnh đề chính

E.g:

Trực tiếp: Nga said,”I am reading books.”

Gián tiếp: Nga said (that) she was reading books.

Trực tiếp: She said, “My brother is a doctor”.

Gián tiếp: She said (that) her brother was a doctor.

+ Thay đổi “thì” của động từ

- “thì” của động từ trong lời nói gián tiếp thay đổi theo một nguyên tắc chung là lùi thì:

S + said/ said to sb/ told sb (that) + S + V( lùi thì )…..

Form

Saul đây là bảng chỉ sự thay đổi “thì” của động từ trong lời nói Gián tiếp.

Lời nói trực tiếp ( Direct speech)	Lời nói gián tiếp ( Reported speech)
Hiện tại đơn He said, “I work in a bank.”	Quá khứ đơn -> He said (that) he worked in a bank
Hiện tại tiếp diễn Nam said, I am talking to my brother.”	Quá khứ tiếp diễn -> Nam said (that) he was talking to his brother.
Hiện tại hoàn thành Mr Ha said, “ I have bought a computer.”	Quá khứ hoàn thành -> Mr Ha said (that) he had bought a computer.
Hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn He said, “I have been waiting for you for 2 hours.”	Quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn -> Ha said (that) he/ she had been waiting for me for 2 hours.
Quá khứ đơn She said, “ I did the exercise.”	Quá khứ hoàn thành -> She said (that) she had done the exercise.
Tương lai đơn She said, “I did the exercise.”	Tương lai trong quá khứ -> My mother said (that) she would visit Hue city.
Tương lai tiếp diễn He said, “I will be sitting at the café.”	Tương lai tiếp diễn trong quá khứ -> He said (that) he would be sitting at the café.
Tương lai gần ( Is/ am/ are going to do) They said, “ We are going to build a new house.”	Was/ were going to do -> They said (that) they were going to build a new house.
Can/ may/ must do He said, “ I must do my homework.”	Could/ might/ had to do -> He said (that) he had to do his homework.

+ Thay đổi tính từ chỉ định, trạng từ chỉ thời gian, nơi chốn

Lời nói trực tiếp ( Direct speech)	Lời nói gián tiếp ( Reported speech )
This/ These	That/ Those
Here	There
Now	Then
Today	That day
Ago	Before
Tomorrow	The next day/  the following day/ the day after
The day after tomorrow	Two days after/ in two day’s time
Yesterday	The day before/ the previous day
The day before yesterday	Two days before
Last week	The previous week/ the week before
Next week	The next week/ the following week/ the week after

E.g:

Trực tiếp: She said, “ I saw him here in this room yesterday.”

Gián tiếp: She said (that) she had seen him there in that room the day before/ the previous day.

Ngoài quy tắc chung trên đây thì cần nhớ rằng tình huống thật và thời gian khi hành động được thuật lại đóng vai trò rất quan trọng trong khi chuyển từ lời nói trực tiếp sang lời nói gián tiếp.

*Note:

- “should, ought to, would” giữ nguyên trong lời nói gián tiếp.

- Động từ “tell” phải có tân ngữ.

E.g: She told me that he was a student.

- Động từ “say” có thể có tân ngữ hoặc không. Nếu muốn đề cập đến người nghe, ta dùng “to”

E.g: She said to me that she was doing the housework.

b. Questions ( câu hỏi )

Câu hỏi được chia làm loại:

+  Yes/ No questions ( câu hỏi yes/ No ):

- Câu hỏi yes/ no là loại câu hỏi được trả lời bằng  yes/ no.

E.g

Are you a doctor?

Does he live here?

- Để chuyển một hỏi yes/ no từ trực tiếp sang gián tiếp thì chúng ta làm theo cấu trúc sau:

S1 + asked + (O) + IF/ WHETHER + S2 + V (lùi thì)….

- Tân ngữ sau động từ “ask” có thể có hoặc không.

E.g

Trực tiếp: Miss Nga said, “Are you a foreigner?”

Gián tiếp: Miss Nga asked (me) if/ whether I was a foreigner.

Trực tiếp: “Does John understand music? He asked.

Gián tiếp: He asked (me) if/ whether John understood music.

+ WH - questions ( Câu hỏi có từ để hỏi )

-  Câu hỏi có từ để hỏi là loại câu hỏi mà người hỏi muốn biết thêm thông tin và cần được giải đáp.

E.g

What are you doing now?

Where did you go yesterday?

- Để chuyển câu hỏi có từ để hỏi từ trực tiếp sang gián tiếp thì chúng ta làm theo cấu trúc sau:

S1 + asked + (O) + WH - (when, where, how….) + S2 + V ( lùi thì )…..

E.g

Trực tiếp: “ What is your name?” He asked.

Gián tiếp: He asked (me) what my name was.

C. Imperatives (Câu mệnh lệnh ):

Câu mệnh lệnh là loại câu dùng để yêu cầu/ đề nghị người khác làm gì đó.

Cách nhận biết câu mệnh lệnh:

Câu mệnh lệnh thường được bắt đầu bằng:

- Động từ ( V )

E.g

Open the windows, please. Hoặc please open the windows. ( Từ “please” có thề được thêm vào đầu hoặc cuối câu để tạo ra sự lịch sự.)

- Don’t + V …… ( Mệnh lệnh ở phủ định )

E.g

Don’t smoke in the room.

- Can/ Could/ Will/ Would you + S + V …..? ( Chỉ yêu cầu lịch sự )

E.g: Can you lend me some books? ( Bạn có thể cho tôi mượn một vài quyển sách được không ?)

Để chuyển câu hỏi có từ để hỏi từ trực tiếp sang gián tiếp thì chúng ta làm theo cấu trúc sau:

S + told/ asked/ ordered + O + (not) + to V +…….

E.g

Trực tiếp: The teacher said to students ‘ Close the door, please”.

Gián tiếp: The teacher asked/ told students to close the door.

Note: Trong câu mệnh lệnh thì bắt buộc phải có tân ngữ ( người nghe ) nên chúng ta cần tìm tân ngữ trong câu.

Các cách để tìm tân ngữ:

- Đối với những câu mà đề bài đã cho sẵn thì ta chỉ việc lấy đó mà sử dụng.

E.g

Trực tiếp: Lan said to Hung: “Open your book.” ( Hung là tân ngữ )

Gián tiếp: Lan told/ asked Hung to open his book.

- Đối với những câu mà người nghe được đặt ở vị trí cuối câu ( có dấu phẩy trước người nghe) thì ta lấy đó sử dụng .

E.g

 Trực tiếp: “ Help me clean the house, Nga”. Said Hung ( Nga là tân ngữ )

Gián tiếp: Hung asked. Told nga to help her clean the house.

- Đối với những câu mà không có người nghe được nhắc đến phía ngoài dấu ngoặc và không tìm thấy ở cuối câu thì ta xem xét phía trước người nói có tính từ sở hữu hay không. Nếu có thì ta lấy đó làm tân ngữ.

E.g

Trực tiếp: Her mother said: “Don’t talk loudly in the room.” ( mẹ của cô ấy => người nghe là cô ấy, tân ngữ là her)

Gián tiếp: Her mother asked/ told her not to talk loudly in the room.

- Đối với những câu mà không thể tìm được tân ngữ theo 3 cách trên thì dùng “me” ( tôi ) làm tân ngữ ( người nghe )

E.g

Trực tiếp: Lan said:”Go home work.”

Gián tiếp: Lan asked/ told me to go home then.

D. Một số trường hợp không thay đổi “thì” của động từ

- Động từ trong mệnh đề chính ở thì hiện tại đơn ( say/ says ), hiện tại tiếp diễn ( is/ are saying ); hiện tại hoàn thành “ ( have said/ has said ); tương lai đơn ( will say )

Trực tiếp: Tom says, “ I am fine “.

Gián tiếp: Tom says he is fine. ( Tom nói anh ấy khỏe )

- Lời nói trực tiếp diễn tả một chân lý, sự thật hiển nhiên.

Trực tiếp: He said, “ The sun rises in the East.”

Gián tiếp: He said ( that ) the sun sises in the East.

- Lời nói trực tiếp là các câu điều kiện loại II và III

Trực tiếp: “ If I were you, I would meet her” he said.

Gián tiếp: He said that if he were me, he would meet her.

- Lời nói trực tiếp là cấu trúc “ Wish + past simple/ past perfect”

Trực tiếp: “ I wish I lived in Ho Chi Minh City”, she said.

Gián tiếp: She said she wished he lived in Ho Chi Minh City.

- Cấu trúc “ It’s time the children went to school”, she said.

Gián tiếp: She said it was time the children went to school.

- Lời nói trực tiếp có các động từ khiếm khuyết ( could/ would/ should/ might/ ought to/ had better/ used to….)

Trực tiếp: Miss Lan said, “ you should study hard.”

Gián tiếp: Miss Lan said I should study hard.

*BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG CƠ BẢN

Bài 1: Choose the best answer to complete the sentence.

1. The stranger asked me where I ____________ from.

        A. come                B. coming                C. to come                D. came

2. Ms. Nga wanted to know what time ________.

        A. the movie began                                B. the movie begins

        C. does the movie begin                        D. did the movie begin

3. Mary said she ……… there the day before.

        A. is                        B. had been                C. will be                D. would be

4. Mai asked Quang ……

        A. when he will come back                        B. when he would come back                

        C. when he comes back                        D. when he is coming back

5. She told me _____________ her up at six o’clock.

        A. please pick                B. to pick                C. should pick                D. I can pick

6. He said that He and his friend _____________ married ______________.

        A. were getting/ tomorrow                        B. are getting/ the next day

        C. were getting/ the next day                        D. will get/ the day after

7. He asked me when _____________ there.

        A. did I arrive                B. will I arrive                C. I had arrived                D. I can arrive

8. The teacher said, “ I didn’t see her.” -> The teacher said ________ her.

        A. he had seen                B. I hadn’t seen        C. he didn’t see                D. he hadn’t seen

9. I wondered _________ the right thing.

        A. If I am doing                                B. was I doing

        C. am I doing                                        D. whether I was doing

10. Tom ___________ that his mother was in hospital.

        A. told me                B. told to me                C. said me                D. asked me

Bài 2:  Change the statements into reported speech.

1. “She works in a bank”

He said ____________________________.

2. “ We went out last night”

She told me _______________________________________

3. “I’m coming!”

He said _______________________________________

4. “ I’d never been there before”

She said ______________________________________

5. “ I didn’t go to the party “

He told me ____________________________________

6. “My mother will come later”

She said _______________________________________

7. “ He hasn’t eaten breakfast”

She told me ___________________________________
8. “ You should go to bed early “

She told me ___________________________________.

Bài 3: Change the questions into reported speech.

1. “ What are you going to do at the weekend?’

He asked me _____________________________________.

2. “Where will you work after graduation?”

He asked me _____________________________________.

3. “How was the journey?”

He asked me ______________________________________.

4. “Do you live in Hanoi?”

She asked me ________________________________________.

5. “Did he arrive on time?”

She asked me _______________________________________.

Bài 4: Change the requests into reported speech.

1. “Please help me carry this suitcase”

She asked me ________________________________________.

2. “Please come early”

She asked me ________________________________________.

3. “Could you please open the window?”

She asked me _______________________________________.

4. “Do your homework!”

She told me _________________________________________.

5. “Don’t be late!”

She told me _________________________________________.

Bài 5: Change the sentences into reported speech

1. Lan said “ Can you sing a song?”                                                        

2. Miss Hoa asked Hung, “Where did you go last weeks?”

3. Mr Nam said, “ I am taking the IELTS test tomorrow.”

4. My mother said, “ I didn’t have a computer last year.”

5. The teacher said, “ You must do your homework yourself.”

6. Mary said, “ I want to be a writer when I grow up.”

7. My mother said, “you should go to bed early.”

8. Lan asked, “ Do many tourists visit Ha Long Bay every year, Mai?.”

9. Mrs Linh said “ She will spend my holiday in Da Lat next month”.

10. Tom told us, “ I do not understand what you are saying.”

BÀI TẬP TỔNG HỢP NÂNG CAO

Bài 6: Choose the best answer to complete the sentence.

1. Jylia said that she ____________there at noon.

A. is going to be                B. was going to be                C. will be                D. can be

2. He _____________that he was leaving way that afternoon.

A. told me                        B. told to me                        C. said me                D. says to me

3. She said to me that she ______________to me the Sunday before.

A. wrote                        B. has written                        C. was writing                D. had written

4. I _____________him to sell that old motorbike.

A. said to                        B. suggested                        C. advised                D. recommended

5. My parents reminded me ______________ the flowers.

A. to planting                        B. plant                        C. to plant                D. planting

6. I asked Martha __________ to enter law school.

A. are you planning                                        B. is she planning

C. was she planning                                        D. if she was planning

7. Nam wanted to know what time ________________.

A. does the movie begin                                B. did the movie begin

C. the movie begins                                        D. the movie began

8. I wondered __________________the right thing.

A. whether I was doing                                B. if I am doing

C. was I doing                                                D. am I doing

9. The scientist said the earth ____________the sun.

A. goes round                                                B. is going around

C. went around                                        D. was going around

10. Peter said that if he ______________rich, he _______________ a lot.

A. is - will travel                                        B. were - would travel

C. had been - would have travelled                        D. was - will travel

Bài 7: Choose the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction.

1. I (A) asked him how far (B) was it from my school to post office (C) if I went there (D) by taxi.

2. They asked me (A) that I (B) could do (C) some shopping (D) with them.

3. Her mother (A) ordered her (B) do not go out with (C) him the day (D) before.

4. She said (A) that the book (B) in the library (C) would be available (D) tomorrow.

5. He (A) advised her (B) thinking about that example (C) again because it needed (D) correcting.

Bài 8: Complete the sentence into reported speech.

1. “Open the door,”he said to them.

-> He told them _______________________________________________.

2. “Where are you going?” he asked her.

-> He asked her where __________________________________________.

3. “Which way did they go?” he asked.

-> He asked me ________________________________________________.

4. “Bring it back if it doesn’t fit”, I said to her.

-> I told ______________________________________________________.

5. “Don’t try to open it now,” she said to us.

-> She told ____________________________________________________.

6. “Is it going to be fine day today?” I asked her.

-> I asked her _________________________________________________.

7. “He’s not at home”, she says.

-> She says that ________________________________________________.

8. “Is the bus station far away?” the girl asked.

-> The girl wanted to know _____________________________________.

9. “Don’t stay out late, Ann” Tom said.

-> Tom told Ann _____________________________________________.

10. “Please let me borrow your car,” he said to her.

-> He asked __________________________________________________.

Bài 9: Complete each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence given.

1. “Would you like to go to the movies with us tonight?” they said to me.

-> They invited _____________________________________________.

2. To do this test was difficult.

-> It was _________________________________________________.

3. The last time Bill met Tom was in 2010.

-> Bill hasn’t _____________________________________________.

4. Ms, Smith is proud of her son’s contribution to the play.

-> Ms. Smith is proud of what ________________________________.

5. I had to cancel the birthday party because my grandmother is seriously ill.

-> I had to cancel _______________________________.

Bài 10.  Complete each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence given using the words in the brackets.

1. “I haven’t been home this evening, Mary” said Bill (told)

-> Bill ___________________________________________.

2. I haven’t seen my sister for 5 years (since)

-> It’s ____________________________________________.

3. My book was published last year. It became a best seller. (that)

-> My book _______________________________________.

4. “ I’ll pick you up at 7:00, Kate” said Mark (promised)

-> Mike ________________________________________________.

5. The bad was found later. The robbers put the money in it (in)

-> The bag _____________________________________________.

A. PHONETICS

I. Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined.

1. A. government                 B. borrowing                 C. program                D. promotion

2. A. polar                         B. land                 C. impact                 D. animal

3. A. possession                 B. access                 C. property                D. American

4. A. release                         B. easy                        C. threat                 D. increase

5. A. preserve                         B. conserve                 C. fossil                D. discuss

II. Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others.

1. A. protection                 B. charity                 C. chemical                 D. neighbourhood

2. A. submarine                 B. assignment                 C. disposal                 D. depletion

3. A. chemical                 B. solution                 C. disposal                 D. erosion

4. A. scientist                         B. chemical                 C. injury                 D. announcement

5. A. evidence                 B. principle                 C. allergy                 D. awareness

B. VOCABUALRY AND GRAMMAR

I. Change into the reported speech.

1. He said “I have already read this book”.

_______________________________________________________________________

2. Tom said to his sister “I want to buy a gift for our mother”.

_______________________________________________________________________

3. Mrs Brown said “Where are they living?"

______________________________________________________________________

4. “Do you know the girl over there?" Tom said.

_______________________________________________________________________

5. Mother said "Nam, why don't you go to bed?”

_______________________________________________________________________

6. “May I use your telephone?" said my neighbor.

_______________________________________________________________________

7. The manager said “Come into my office, please?

_______________________________________________________________________

8. “Do not get off the bus while it's going” said the driver.

_______________________________________________________________________

9. She asked to the little boy "Take a look at yourself in the mirror!”

________________________________________________________________________

10. “Don't put your elbow on the table!” he said. _______________________________________________________________________

II. Put the correct word for the sentences below.

deforestation	preserve	greenhouse effect	fossil fuels
damage	depletion	pollute	global warming

1. The ____________________________ occurs when the earth's atmosphere traps certain gases such as carbon dioxide as well as water vapour. This makes the earth's surface warmer.

2. _____________________ is harm or injury that makes something less valuable or able to function.

3. To _______________________ is to keep and protect something from damage, change or waste.

4. ________________ are non-renewable energy sources such as coal, fuel oil and natural gas formed from dead plants and animals underground.

5. ______________ is the gradual increase of temperature on the earth's surface due to greenhouse effect.

6. _________________________ is the using up or reducing something like energy or resources.

7. To ________________________ is to make air, water, or soil dirty or unclean.

8. ___________________ is the removal or cutting down of all trees in an area for urban use and farm lands.

III. Choose the correct words in the bracket to complete the sentences.

preserved	forestation	confused	erosion
global	environment	attraction	environmental

1. Scientists have tried to assess the impact of human activities on the ______________________.

2. We should have __________________ plans to replace the trees cut down for farmland use in the region.

3. Oceanic oil spills become a major _________________ problem, chiefly a result of intensified petroleum exploitation.

4. The rhino habitat has been perfectly ___________________ in the region.

5. The students are somewhat ______________ by the usage of the words “preservation” and “conservation”.

6. Many climatologists believe that the decline in mountain glaciers is one of the first observation signs of __________________ warming.

7. Rising sea levels can add to the _____________________ of our coastlines.

8. Waste water has polluted seas and lakes surrounding tourist ______________, damaging the flora and fauna.

V. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences.

1. Jack asked me ____.

A. where do you come from?                                 B. where I came from

C. where I come from                                        D. where did I come from?

2. She asked me ____ I liked pop music.

A. when                 B. what                 C. if                        D. x

3. The doctor ____ him to take more exercise.

A. told                 B. tell                        C. have told                 D. are telling

4. I wanted to know ____ return home.

A. when would she        B. when will she         C. when she will        D. when she would

5. Claire told me that her father ____ a race horse.

A. owns                 B. owned                 C. owning                 D. A and B

6. What did that man say ____?

A. at you                 B. for you                 C. to you                 D. you

7. I rang my friend in Australia yesterday, and she said it ____ raining there.

A. is                         B. were                C. has been                 D. was

8. The builders have ____ that everything will be ready on time.

A. promised                 B. promise                 C. promises                 D. promising

9. The doctor ____ him to take more exercise.

A. told                 B. tell                         C. have told                 D. are telling

10. The last time I saw Linda, she looked very relaxed. She explained she'd been on holiday the ____ week.

A. ago                        B. following                 C. next                 D. previous

11. Fossil fuels which are non-renewable pollute the air and cause air ____.

A. pollution                 B. solution                 C. contaminate         D. consumption

12. Recycling provides a method of reducing the amount of waste materials that gets to the landfills - thus ____ it less probable for environmental pollution to take place.

A. making                 B. doing                C. causing                D. trying

13. If wastes are thrown ____, they can cause pollution in water, land and air.

A. inappropriately        B. disappointingly         C. eco-friendly        D. favourably

14. Trees not only bring nature to urban areas, but they also help clean the air by absorbing pollutants, ____ oxygen, ____ water, and grow food.

A. to provide - to save                B. to provide - save            C. providing - saving        D. provide - save

15. Air pollution is such a serious ____ that it has been a direct factor in the ____ of millions of people each year.

A. threat - death        B. threat - deaths         C. threaten - death                D. threaten - deaths

16. Sometimes it's better not to buy something new, and buy it ____ instead.

A. used                 B. usable                 C. use                        D. useful

17. He asked the children ____ the river.

A. don't pollute        B. if they don't pollute         C. not to pollute        D. not polluting

18. They asked me how many students ____ in the school.

A. there were                 B. were there                 C. there are                 D. are there

19. He told me that ____.

A. he would participate in the conservation campaign yesterday

B. he had participated in the conservation campaign the previous day

C. he participated in the conservation campaign the previous day

D. he has participated in the conservation campaign the previous day

20. He asked, “Why did she write the article on conservation?”

      He asked why  ____.

A. she had written the article on conservation        B. she has written the article on conservation

C. she wrote the article on conservation                D. did she write the article on conservation

VI. Identify the one underlined word or phrase that must be changed to make the sentence correct.

1. The (A) deplete of the ozone layer (B) is not (C) a good thing (D) for the Earth.

2. We (A) need (B) to protect the (C) environmental for the (D) next generation.

3. Deforestation will lead (A) to the extinction of rare (B) animal due to the loss of (C) their habitats, and (D) extreme floods and land erosion.

4. (A) Worldwide rainforest (B) preserve has (C) been the aim (D) of many environmentalists.

5. (A) Person should (B) make efforts to preserve the environment (C) for the sake of (D) themselves and their children.

6. Environmental (A) pollute is (B) one of the greatest and most urgent (C) problems in modern (D) times.

7. Many countries (A) have signed up to international agreements (B) which aim (C) to reduce the negative (D) impaction of climate change.

8. (A) Any amateur (B) gardener knows (C) plantation need two things (D) to survive: sunlight and water.

D. WRITING

I. Change into the reported speech.

1. Mr Jones gave the people gloves and said to them: "Protect yourselves from germs."

__________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Nam said, "The environment is severely affected by pollution."

__________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Mai said, "The burning of fossil fuels leads to air pollution."

__________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Peter said, "Intensive insecticide and pesticide sprays in agriculture make the soil contaminated."

__________________________________________________________________________________________

5. "It's confusing because there are too many web pages about the environment" Nam said.

__________________________________________________________________________________________

6. "Air pollution is one of the causes of the greenhouse effect" scientists said.

__________________________________________________________________________________________

7. "Pollution is one of the problems in my neighbourhood" Nam said.

__________________________________________________________________________________________

8. "More people are aware of the preservation of natural resources" the editor said.

__________________________________________________________________________________________

9. "We are discussing the protection of the natural environment" the students told their teacher.

__________________________________________________________________________________________

10. "Use the web search engine to find the information that you need" Nam's father told him.

_________________________________________________________________________________________

II. Change into the reported speech.

1. Mr Jones was very sad and said "All this rubbish is killing fish and other sea creatures."

__________________________________________________________________________________________

2. "We can clean the beach together." said Nick.

__________________________________________________________________________________________

3. "I'll ask our friends and neighbours to come and help us" Mary said to them.

__________________________________________________________________________________________

4. "I'm so happy to hear that, children" Mr Jones said to his children.

__________________________________________________________________________________________

TEST 1

A. PHONETICS

I. Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined.

1. A. government                 B. borrowing                 C. program                D. promotion

2. A. polar                         B. land                C. impact                 D. animal

3. A. possession                 B. access                 C. property                D. American

4. A. release                         B. easy                        C. threat                 D. increase

5. A. preserve                         B. conserve                 C. fossil                D. discuss

II. Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others.

1. A. protection                 B. charity                 C. chemical                 D. neighbourhood

2. A. submarine                 B. assignment                 C. disposal                 D. depletion

3. A. chemical                 B. solution                 C. disposal                 D. erosion

4. A. scientist                         B. chemical                 C. injury                 D. announcement

5. A. evidence                 B. principle                 C. allergy                 D. awareness

B. VOCABUALRY AND GRAMMAR

I. Change into the reported speech.

1. He said “I have already read this book”.

__________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Tom said to his sister “I want to buy a gift for our mother”.

__________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Mrs Brown said “Where are they living?"

__________________________________________________________________________________________

4. “Do you know the girl over there?" Tom said.

__________________________________________________________________________________________

5. Mother said "Nam, why don't you go to bed?”

__________________________________________________________________________________________

6. “May I use your telephone?" said my neighbor.

__________________________________________________________________________________________

7. The manager said “Come into my office, please?

__________________________________________________________________________________________

8. “Do not get off the bus while it's going” said the driver.

__________________________________________________________________________________________

9. She asked to the little boy "Take a look at yourself in the mirror!”

__________________________________________________________________________________________

10. “Don't put your elbow on the table!” he said. __________________________________________________________________________________________

II. Put the correct word for the sentences below.

deforestation	preserve	greenhouse effect	fossil fuels
damage	depletion	pollute	global warming

1. The ____________________________ occurs when the earth's atmosphere traps certain gases such as carbon dioxide as well as water vapour. This makes the earth's surface warmer.

2. _____________________________ is harm or injury that makes something less valuable or able to function.

3. To _________________________________ is to keep and protect something from damage, change or waste.

4. ______________________ are non-renewable energy sources such as coal, fuel oil and natural gas formed from dead plants and animals underground.

5. ___________________ is the gradual increase of temperature on the earth's surface due to greenhouse effect.

6. _________________________________ is the using up or reducing something like energy or resources.

7. To _________________________________ is to make air, water, or soil dirty or unclean.

8. ______________________ is the removal or cutting down of all trees in an area for urban use and farm lands.

III. Choose the correct words in the bracket to complete the sentences.

preserved	forestation	confused	erosion
global	environment	attraction	environmental

1. Scientists have tried to assess the impact of human activities on the _________________________________.

2. We should have _____________________ plans to replace the trees cut down for farmland use in the region.

3. Oceanic oil spills become a major ______________________ problem, chiefly a result of intensified petroleum exploitation.

4. The rhino habitat has been perfectly __________________________ in the region.

5. The students are somewhat ________________ by the usage of the words “preservation” and “conservation”.

6. Many climatologists believe that the decline in mountain glaciers is one of the first observation signs of _____________________ warming.

7. Rising sea levels can add to the __________________________ of our coastlines.

8. Waste water has polluted seas and lakes surrounding tourist _______________________, damaging the flora and fauna.

IV. Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line.

1. In banana plantations, flooding occurs partly because of  deforestation and partly because of poorly _____________________ drainage systems. 2. African and Asian elephant numbers feel dramatically in the 19th and 20th centuries, _____________________ due to the ivory trade and habitat loss. 3. The environmental consequences of large dams are numerous, including direct impacts to the biological, chemical and __________________________ properties of rivers. 4. In areas with high concentrations of tourist activities and attractive natural attractions, waste _________________________ is a serious problem. 5. Unlike pesticides, ________________________ are not directly toxic but their presence in fresh water changes the nutrient system. 6. _____________________ caused by deforestation can also lead to increased flooding. 7. The Earth's natural resources should be consumed at a _________________ level. 8. Dealing with resource ____________________________ requires a broad range of strategies. 9. Experts predict that the world's rain forests could completely disappear in 100 years at the current rate of __________________________. 10. Mining is an extractive industry, often with huge ____________________ and social impacts.

CONSTRUCT LARGE PHYSICS DISPOSE FERTILIZE ERODE SUSTAIN DEPLETE DEFOREST ENVIRONMENT

V. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences.

1. Jack asked me ____.

A. where do you come from?                                 B. where I came from

C. where I come from                                        D. where did I come from?

2. She asked me ____ I liked pop music.

A. when                 B. what                 C. if                        D. x

3. The doctor ____ him to take more exercise.

A. told                 B. tell                        C. have told                 D. are telling

4. I wanted to know ____ return home.

A. when would she        B. when will she         C. when she will        D. when she would

5. Claire told me that her father ____ a race horse.

A. owns                 B. owned                 C. owning                 D. A and B

6. What did that man say ____?

A. at you                 B. for you                 C. to you                 D. you

7. I rang my friend in Australia yesterday, and she said it ____ raining there.

A. is                         B. were                C. has been                 D. was

8. The builders have ____ that everything will be ready on time.

A. promised                 B. promise                 C. promises                 D. promising

9. The doctor ____ him to take more exercise.

A. told                 B. tell                         C. have told                 D. are telling

10. The last time I saw Linda, she looked very relaxed. She explained she'd been on holiday the ____ week.

A. ago                        B. following                 C. next                 D. previous

11. Fossil fuels which are non-renewable pollute the air and cause air ____.

A. pollution                 B. solution                 C. contaminate         D. consumption

12. Recycling provides a method of reducing the amount of waste materials that gets to the landfills - thus ____ it less probable for environmental pollution to take place.

A. making                 B. doing                C. causing                D. trying

13. If wastes are thrown ____, they can cause pollution in water, land and air.

A. inappropriately        B. disappointingly         C. eco-friendly        D. favourably

14. Trees not only bring nature to urban areas, but they also help clean the air by absorbing pollutants, ____ oxygen, ____ water, and grow food.

A. to provide - to save                B. to provide - save            C. providing - saving        D. provide - save

15. Air pollution is such a serious ____ that it has been a direct factor in the ____ of millions of people each year.

A. threat - death        B. threat - deaths         C. threaten - death                D. threaten - deaths

16. Sometimes it's better not to buy something new, and buy it ____ instead.

A. used                 B. usable                 C. use                        D. useful

17. He asked the children ____ the river.

A. don't pollute        B. if they don't pollute         C. not to pollute        D. not polluting

18. They asked me how many students ____ in the school.

A. there were                 B. were there                 C . there are                 D. are there

19. He told me that ____.

A. he would participate in the conservation campaign yesterday

B. he had participated in the conservation campaign the previous day

C. he participated in the conservation campaign the previous day

D. he has participated in the conservation campaign the previous day

20. He asked, “Why did she write the article on conservation?”

      He asked why  ____.

A. she had written the article on conservation        B. she has written the article on conservation

C. she wrote the article on conservation                D. did she write the article on conservation

VI. Identify the one underlined word or phrase that must be changed to make the sentence correct.

1. The (A) deplete of the ozone layer (B) is not (C) a good thing (D) for the Earth.

2. We (A) need (B) to protect the (C) environmental for the (D) next generation.

3. Deforestation will lead (A) to the extinction of rare (B) animal due to the loss of (C) their habitats, and (D) extreme floods and land erosion.

4. (A) Worldwide rainforest (B) preserve has (C) been the aim (D) of many environmentalists.

5. (A) Person should (B) make efforts to preserve the environment (C) for the sake of (D) themselves and their children.

6. Environmental (A) pollute is (B) one of the greatest and most urgent (C) problems in modern (D) times.

7. Many countries (A) have signed up to international agreements (B) which aim (C) to reduce the negative (D) impaction of climate change.

8. (A) Any amateur (B) gardener knows (C) plantation need two things (D) to survive: sunlight and water.

C. READING

I. Fill each of the numbered blanks in the following passage. Use only one word in each space.

home	balance	way	warming	forests
ecosystems	value	of	amount	life

PROTECTING BIODIVERSITY

Protecting biodiversity is now very essential since biodiversity is crucial for reducing climate pollution. If we don't protect biodiversity, the effects could be as harmful as the effects of global (1) _________________ itself. This is especially true with tropical (2) _________________ - they are critical to fighting climate change and (3) _________________ to more species than any other ecosystem type. In other words, protecting biodiversity is essential for our well-being, and biodiversity helps to (4) _______________________ the nature.

Biodiversity is an important part of sustainable development. As we know, sustainable development is considered as a major target for industry as well as planning system. However, the only (5) ________________ to achieve this target is to protect biodiversity. Tiny plants that grow also absorb large (6) __________________ of carbon dioxide. That is why protecting diversity is essential.

In fact, biodiversity protection is very much important since biodiversity is a fundamental component of (7) _______________ on Earth. It creates complex (8) __________________ that could never be reproduced by humans. The (9) ___________ of that biodiversity is immeasurable, and thus must be protected. Finally, we both want and need biodiversity. We continue harming the natural environment without realizing the impact. We should be aware (10) ________________ protecting biodiversity.

II. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following passage.

World Environment Day which is (1) ____ on 5^th June every year in an important day in the calendar of the United Nations. It is one of the ways the United Nations uses to advocate for environmental (2) ____ and call for political action.

Every year, UNEP (the Environment Program of the United Nations) develops a theme which is used globally to raise (3) ____ and call for support from governments, organizations, and individuals from all over the world.

The theme for 2015 was "Seven Billion Dreams. One Planet. Consume with Care”. This would also serve as the slogan for the World Environmental Day 2015. The meeting of this theme and slogan is that we have five (4) ____ with more than seven billion people combined. Although we have about 7 billion people, we just have one planet that we live and survive. The surface area is limited, shelter and food also limited. If we continue using the available natural (5) ____ as we do today, our future generations may be (6) ____ to go hungry and without homes. This is why it is of vital importance to consume (7) ____food that is available with care. Stop the wastage and use whatever resource that is available according to need, not greed.